3. PERC Technology
PERC Technology PERC stands for Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell/Contact. PERC is a bit different from the standard solar cell architecture that has been used for decades. The vast majority of crystalline solar cells produced consists of doped silicon wafers to form PN junction, Aluminium back surface field (AL-BSF),anti-reflective coating on top, and screen printed silver paste on top of the AR coating. The rear part of the solar cell consists of screen-printed aluminum paste. the PERC architecture essentially enables improved light capture near the rear surface and optimizes electrons capture. In PERC technology on the rear surface along with the back surface field, we have a passivation layer and a silicon nitride capping layer. By adopting this technology, there is a 1% increase in inefficiency. While there are more steps in the manufacturing process ultimately due to the increase in efficiency this reduces the costs at the system level.
4. IBC Cell Technology
the interdigitated back contact (IBC) cell was initially studied in the late 1970s. The cells were able to achieve an efficiency of 20% right from the start. Interdigitated Back Contact cells have a grid of conductors on the rear side of the solar cells, unlike conventional solar cells which have busbars and fingers on the front side of the solar cell. Front-side contacts cause partial shading on the front side o the solar cell and reflect some photos this reduces the efficiency a little bit. IBC cells don’t have this problem as they don’t have any contacts on the front side and aesthetically look much cleaner than conventional solar cells. With the industrialization of this process, it will be possible to achieve efficiencies well above 25% at a low cost.